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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most frequently prescribed medications for ADHD and can increase and regulate levels of brain chemicals. However, they do not cure the condition and can only aid in managing symptoms so long as they're taken regularly. Side effects of ADHD medications can include changes in blood pressure, heart rate, anxiety and tics. Some teens and children who take stimulant drugs notice a slight slowing in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a stimulant for the central nervous system and is the most frequently prescribed drug to treat ADHD. It is available in a variety of forms, such as chewable tablets with liquid, an orally disintegrating tablet that performs long and has an extended release. The drug is effective by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps to enhance concentration. It can also help reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate is an effective treatment for ADHD when combined with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate works by blocking the transporters that normally remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The medication can cause a slight increase in heart rate and blood pressure. People with diabetes should also be aware of this medication as it could cause an abrupt rise in blood sugar. Consult your physician in the event that you have any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate is also known to cause a condition known as Raynaud's phenomena, which causes numbness and discomfort in the toes and fingers. This is an uncommon side effect, but it is important to tell your doctor if you are experiencing these symptoms. There is a concern that methylphenidate slows the growth of children, but it hasn't been proved to be the situation. If their website have a child being treated with methylphenidate ensure that you monitor his or her weight and height carefully. If your child takes tablets containing methylphenidate that contains phenylalanine, it could be harmful to children suffering from Phenylketonuria. Consult your physician about a different methylphenidate formula in case you suffer from PKU. Stimulants are considered the first-choice medication for treating ADHD however, certain people are not able to use these medications. In these cases doctors may prescribe another medication that works in a similar manner. Besides methylphenidate, there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and Lisdexamfetamine. These substances are more powerful than methylphenidate and may last longer. These drugs are typically taken at least three times a day However, some people might be able to take them more frequently. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however they are not as effective as stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine, also known under the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that improves concentration and decreases hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It is in a class of drugs known as selective norepinephrine receptor inhibitors. It works by boosting levels of dopamine and norepinephrine. two chemical messengers that regulate the brain's activity. It is a favorite choice for both adults and children who prefer a different kind of medication than stimulants such as Adderall and Vyvanse. It is crucial to understand that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly. It can take up six weeks before the effects of this drug become apparent. Additionally, you may suffer from side effects like diminished appetite, drowsiness and stomach upset. However, the benefits of atomoxetine surpass the risks for many patients. In a double-blind placebo controlled study that was conducted on 297 ADHD patients between the ages of 12 and 18 years old, the efficacy of atomoxetine was confirmed. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over 9 weeks. In both the atomoxetine and placebo groups, symptoms of depression were less. The atomoxetine-treated group had more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However the improvement was only modest (Michelson et al 2001). In a second open trial in a second open trial, 10 ADHD patients who did not respond to stimulants received atomoxetine treatment for 8 weeks. The atomoxetine treatment group demonstrated improvement in ADHD symptoms in comparison to placebo, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Rated screening version and the Clinical Global Impression Severity scales gaining significant. One patient had to withdraw due to an eruption. Three patients also reported temporary stomach symptoms, and one noticed an increase in fatigue. Before beginning treatment with atomoxetine to your doctor about your health background and any other supplements or medications that you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over-the-counter medications. Inform your doctor if any of the following conditions are present: narrow-angle glaucoma; a thyroid or adrenal gland tumor; high blood pressure; heart disease or sudden death. Avoid the use of atomoxetine if you've taken an MAO-inhibitor like isocarboxazid or linezolid within the last 14 days or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine, or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion, a non-stimulant that is a non-stimulant, can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. It can also reduce impulsivity and increase focus, although it does not affect the brain in the same way that stimulants do. It's only available with a prescription. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets as well as extended-release capsules. It is important to follow the instructions. If you stop taking it suddenly, you may have withdrawal symptoms. It's usually taken twice or three times a day with a 4-6 hour interval between each dose. The dosage can range between 100 mg twice or three times a day up to 150 mg three or four times a day. The drug is absorbed by the digestive tract and eliminated into urine, meaning it isn't able to enter breast milk. However, it could be absorbed into the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion may increase blood pressure, which is why it's important to check it often. Bupropion can, in addition to helping to reduce ADHD symptoms and reducing depression, also helps to reduce the symptoms of ADHD. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder. It is a method of blocking dopamine receptors within your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter, dopamine, from reaching your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. adult add medication may interact with other medications So it's crucial to inform your doctor of any other medications you're taking. It's important to let your doctor know if are suffering from any allergies. Also, avoid caffeine and other stimulants, as they could make the adverse effects worse. A number of studies have compared bupropion with placebos in adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and most studies were not conducted properly. Furthermore, many of them excluded people with psychiatric comorbidity. However, the evidence suggests that bupropion has a modest impact on ADHD. Further research is needed to determine positive outcomes for patients, such as an improvement in the quality of living. Before effective treatments can be developed it is crucial to gain a better understanding of the molecular forms of ADHD. This includes a better knowledge of the interplay between the molecular pathways. Moreover, it's critical to understand how different anti-ADHD agents work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants When the stimulants prescribed for children with ADHD aren't effective or cause undesirable side effects, the doctor may turn to antidepressants as a treatment. These drugs, which include imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), work by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain to aid in concentration. These older drugs may cause serious negative side consequences. They are typically used when other medications are not working. The first choice of antidepressants in depression is usually an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI), such as fluoxetine, sertraline or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants that have been around for decades, may still be utilized in certain instances. These medications are effective in treating neuropathic and other pains but their antidepressant action is not the same. They increase the activity of the noradrenephrine receptor by blocking its reuptake, and they also function as descending modulators for pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also safer during pregnancy and do not appear to be teratogenic for humans or animals. If abruptly stopped, they may cause significant withdrawal symptoms. To lessen the negative side effects, your doctor may suggest reducing your dose gradually over a period of several weeks. Although it isn't officially recognized by the FDA as a medication for adhd bupropion is commonly prescribed antidepressant off-label to treat ADHD. It's believed to work by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine and acetylcholine that are found in the brain to increase concentration. It is also known to alleviate anxiety and stress. It can be used in conjunction with stimulants to produce faster and longer-lasting results. There are no FDA-approved non-stimulant ADHD medications, however many people experience relief from herbal remedies and dietary supplements. A diet low on sugar and fat may also aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Also, avoiding caffeine may be beneficial to some people. Tell your doctor all medications you or your child is taking as well as herbal remedies and prescription medications. This will avoid interactions and reduce unwanted side effects. ADHD medication can affect people differently. It could take a bit of trial and error before you find the right dosage and drug for your child or yourself.